x3270 Manual Page

Contents

Name
Synopsis
Description
Options
Fonts
Character Sets
Character Classes
Keypad
Hosts Database
Color Schemes
NVT Mode
Menus
Status Line
Icons
Keymaps
The PrintText Action
Macros and Scripts
Composite Characters
APL Support
XIM Support
Screen Printing
Bugs
Passthru
Proxy
Files
Environment Variables
See Also
Copyrights
Version

Name

Synopsis

Description

[prefix:]...[LUname@]hostname[:port]

Prepending a P: onto hostname causes the connection to go through the telnet-passthru service rather than directly to the host. See PASSTHRU below.

Prepending an S: onto hostname removes the "extended data stream" option reported to the host. See -tn below for further information.

Prepending an N: onto hostname turns off TN3270E support for the session.

Prepending an L: onto hostname causes x3270 to first create an SSL tunnel to the host, and then create a TN3270 session inside the tunnel. (This function is supported only if x3270 was built with SSL/TLS support). Note that TLS-encrypted sessions using the TELNET START-TLS option are negotiated with the host automatically; for these sessions the L: prefix should not be used.

Prepending a B: onto hostname changes the interaction of scripts and the host BIND-IMAGE message. Without B:, x3270 will unlock the keyboard as soon as a BIND-IMAGE is received. With B:, it will wait for a Write command that explicitly unlocks the keyboard.

A specific Logical Unit (LU) name to use may be specified by prepending it to the hostname with an `@'. Multiple LU names to try can be separated by commas. An empty LU can be placed in the list with an extra comma. (Note that the LU name is used for different purposes by different kinds of hosts. For example, CICS uses the LU name as the Terminal ID.)

The hostname may optionally be placed inside square-bracket characters `[' and `]'. This will prevent any colon `:' characters in the hostname from being interpreted as indicating option prefixes or port numbers. This allows numeric IPv6 addresses to be used as hostnames.

On systems that support the forkpty library call, the hostname may be replaced with -e and a command string. This will cause x3270 to connect to a local child process, such as a shell.

The port to connect to defaults to telnet. This can be overridden with the -port option, or by appending a port to the hostname with a colon `:'. (For compatability with previous versions of x3270 and with tn3270(1), the port may also be specified as a second, separate argument.)

Options

-accepthostname spec

Specifies a particular hostname to accept when validating the name presented in the host's SSL certificate, instead of comparing to the name or address used to make the connection. spec can either be any, which disables name validation, DNS:hostname, which matches a particular DNS hostname, or IP:address, which matches a particular numeric IPv4 or IPv6 address.

-activeicon

Specifies that the icon should be a miniature version of the screen image. See ICONS below.

-apl

Sets up APL mode. This is actually an abbreviation for several options. See APL SUPPORT below.

-cadir directory

Specifies a directory containing CA (root) certificates to use when verifying a certificate provided by the host.

-cafile filename

Specifies a PEM-format file containing CA (root) certificates to use when verifying a certificate provided by the host.

-cc range:value[,...]

Sets character classes. See CHARACTER CLASSES, below.

-certfile filename

Specifies a file containing a certificate to provide to the host, if requested. The default file type is PEM.

-certfiletype type

Specifies the type of the certificate file specified by -certfile. Type can be pem or asn1.

-chainfile filename

Specifies a certificate chain file in PEM format, containing a certificate to provide to the host if requested, as well as one or more intermediate certificates and the CA certificate used to sign that certificate. If -chainfile is specified, it overrides -certfile.

-charset name

Specifies an EBCDIC host character set. See CHARACTER SETS below.

-clear toggle

Sets the initial value of toggle to false. The list of toggle names is under MENUS below.

-devname name

Specifies a device name (workstation ID) for RFC 4777 support.

-efont name

Specifies a font for the emulator window. See FONTS below.

-hostsfile file

Uses file as the hosts file, which allows aliases for host names and scripts to be executed at login. See ibm_hosts(1) for details.

-httpd [addr:]port

Specifies a port and optional address to listen on for HTTP connections. Addr can be specified as `*' to indicate 0.0.0.0; the default is 127.0.0.1. IPv6 numeric addresses must be specified inside of square brackets, e.g., [::1]:4080 to specify the IPv6 loopback address and TCP port 4080.

Note that this option is mutually-exclusive with the -scriptport option .

-iconname name

Specifies an alternate title for the program icon.

-iconx x

Specifies the initial x coordinate for the program icon.

-icony y

Specifies the initial y coordinate for the program icon.

-im method

Specifies the name of the input method to use for multi-byte input. (Supported only when x3270 is compiled with DBCS support.)

-keyfile filename

Specifies a file containing the private key for the certificate file (specified via -certfile or -chainfile). The default file type is PEM.

-keyfiletype type

Specifies the type of the private key file specified by -keyfile. Type can be pem or asn1.

-keypasswd type:value

Specifies the password for the private key file, if it is encrypted. The argument can be file:filename, specifying that the password is in a file, or string:string, specifying the password on the command-line directly. If the private key file is encrypted and no -keypasswd option is given, the password will be prompted for interactively.

-keymap name

Specifies a keymap name and optional modifiers. See KEYMAPS below.

-keypad

Turns on the keypad as soon as x3270 starts.

-km name

Specifies the local encoding method for multi-byte text. name is an encoding name recognized by the ICU library. (Supported only when x3270 is compiled with DBCS support, and necessary only when x3270 cannot figure it out from the locale.)

-loginmacro Action(arg...) ...

Specifies a macro to run at login time.

-model name

The model of 3270 display to be emulated. The model name is in two parts, either of which may be omitted:

The first part is the base model, which is either 3278 or 3279. 3278 specifies a monochrome (green on black) 3270 display; 3279 specifies a color 3270 display.

The second part is the model number, which specifies the number of rows and columns. Model 4 is the default.

Model Number	Columns	Rows
2	80	24
3	80	32
4	80	43
5	132	27

Note: Technically, there is no such 3270 display as a 3279-4 or 3279-5, but most hosts seem to work with them anyway.

The default model for a color X display is 3279-4. For a monochrome X display, it is 3278-4.

-mono

Forces x3270 to believe it is running on a monochrome X display.

-nvt

Start in NVT mode instead of waiting for the host to send data, and make the default terminal type xterm.

-once

Causes x3270 to exit after a host disconnects. This option has effect only if a hostname is specified on the command line.

-oversize colsxrows

Makes the screen larger than the default for the chosen model number. This option has effect only in combination with extended data stream support (controlled by the "x3270.extended" resource), and only if the host supports the Query Reply structured field. The number of columns multiplied by the number of rows must not exceed 16383 (3fff hex), the limit of 14-bit 3270 buffer addressing.

-port n

Specifies a different TCP port to connect to. n can be a name from /etc/services like telnet, or a number. This option changes the default port number used for all connections. (The positional parameter affects only the initial connection.)

-printerlu luname

Causes x3270 to automatically start a pr3287 printer session. If luname is ".", then the printer session will be associated with the interactive terminal session (this requires that the host support TN3270E). Otherwise, the value is used as the explicit LU name to associate with the printer session.

-proxy type:host[:port]

Causes x3270 to connect via the specified proxy, instead of using a direct connection. The host can be an IP address or hostname. The optional port can be a number or a service name. For a list of supported proxy types, see PROXY below.

-pt type

Specifies the preedit type for the multi-byte input method. Valid values are OverTheSpot, OffTheSpot, Root and OnTheSpot. The value for OverTheSpot can include an optional suffix, a signed number indicating the vertical distance in rows of the preedit window from the cursor position, e.g. OverTheSpot+1 or OverTheSpot-2. The default value is OverTheSpot+1. (Supported only when x3270 is compiled with DBCS support.)

-reconnect

Causes x3270 to automatically reconnect to the host if it ever disconnects. This option has effect only if a hostname is specified on the command line.

-sb

Turns on the scrollbar.

+sb

Turns the scrollbar off.

-scheme name

Specifes a color scheme to use in 3279 mode. This option has effect only in combination with 3279 emulation. See COLOR SCHEMES below.

-script

Causes x3270 to read commands from standard input, with the results written to standard output. The protocol for these commands is documented in x3270-script(1).

-sl n

Specifies that n lines should be saved for scrolling back. The default is 4096.

-scriptport [addr:]port

Specifies a port and optional address to listen on for scripting connections. Addr can be specified as `*' to indicate 0.0.0.0; the default is 127.0.0.1. IPv6 numeric addresses must be specified inside of square brackets, e.g., [::1]:4081 to specify the IPv6 loopback address and TCP port 4081.

Note that this option is mutually-exclusive with the -httpd option .

-secure

Disables run-time features that could compromise system security (user-specified file names and commands, etc.).

-selfsignedok

When verifying a host SSL certificate, allow it to be self-signed.

-set toggle

Sets the initial value of toggle to true. The list of toggle names is under MENUS below.

-socket

Causes the emulator to create a Unix-domain socket when it starts, for use by script processes to send commands to the emulator. The socket is named /tmp/x3sck.pid. The -p option of x3270if causes it to use this socket, instead of pipes specified by environment variables.

-tn name

Specifies the terminal name to be transmitted over the telnet connection. The default name is IBM-model_name-E, for example, IBM-3279-4-E for a color X display, or IBM-3278-4-E for a monochrome X display.

Some hosts are confused by the -E suffix on the terminal name, and will ignore the extra screen area on models 3, 4 and 5. Prepending an s: on the hostname, or setting the "x3270.extended" resource to "false", removes the -E from the terminal name when connecting to such hosts.

The name can also be specified with the "x3270.termName" resource.

-trace

Turns on data stream tracing at startup. Unlike turning it on from a menu option, there is no pop-up to confirm the file name, which defaults to /tmp/x3trc.

-tracefile file

Specifies a file to save data stream and event traces into. If the name starts with `>>', data will be appended to the file. If the value stdout is given, then traces will be written to standard output. If the value none is given, then traces will be piped directly to the monitor window, and no file will be created.

-tracefilesize size

Places a limit on the size of a trace file. If this option is not specified, or is specified as 0 or none, the trace file size will be unlimited. The minimum size is 64 Kbytes. The value of size can have a K or M suffix, indicating kilobytes or megabytes respectively. When the trace file reaches the size limit, it will be renamed with a `-' appended and a new file started.

-user name

Specifies the user name for RFC 4777 support.

-v

Display the version and build options for x3270 and exit.

-verifycert

For SSL or SSL/TLS connections, verify the host certificate, and do not allow the connection to complete unless it can be validated.

After reading resource definitions from the X server and any standandard X11 resource definition files ($HOME/.Xdefaults, etc.), x3270 will read definitions from the file $HOME/.x3270pro. This file contains local customizations and is also used to save changed options by the Save Changed Options in File menu option.

Note that -xrm options override any definitions in the .x3270pro file.

Fonts

The font may be specified with the -efont option or the "x3270.emulatorFont" resource.

x3270 can also use any X11 font that implements the display character set required by the host EBCDIC character set.

An additional font, 3270d, is supplied. This font is identical to the default 3270 font, except that it has bitmaps defined for field attribute characters. This means that field attributes, which are normally displayed as blanks, are now visible on the screen. The characters displayed are hexadecimal codes, which can be translated using a document provided with the x3270 sources.

The font can be changed at any time through a menu option. It can also be implicitly changed by changing the size of the x3270 window with the mouse: if the window is made larger, x3270 will try to change to a larger font, and vice-versa.

Character Sets

Charset Name	Host Code Page	Display Character Sets
apl	037	3270cg-1a
belgian	500	3270cg-1a 3270cg-1 iso8859-1
belgian-euro	1148	3270cg-15a 3270cg-15 iso8859-15
bracket	037	3270cg-1a 3270cg-1 iso8859-1
brazilian	275	3270cg-1a 3270cg-1 iso8859-1
chinese-gb18030	1388	3270cg-1a iso8859-1 + iso10646-1
cp1047	1047	3270cg-1a 3270cg-1 iso8859-1
cp870	870	3270cg-1a 3270cg-1 iso8859-2
finnish	278	3270cg-1a 3270cg-1 iso8859-1
finnish-euro	1143	3270cg-15a 3270cg-15 iso8859-15
french	297	3270cg-1a 3270cg-1 iso8859-1
french-euro	1147	3270cg-15a 3270cg-15 iso8859-15
german	273	3270cg-1a 3270cg-1 iso8859-1
german-euro	1141	3270cg-15a 3270cg-15 iso8859-15
greek	423	3270cg-7 iso8859-7
hebrew	424	3270cg-8 iso8859-8
icelandic	871	3270cg-1a 3270cg-1 iso8859-1
icelandic-euro	1149	3270cg-15a 3270cg-15 iso8859-15
italian	280	3270cg-1a 3270cg-1 iso8859-1
italian-euro	1144	3270cg-15a 3270cg-15 iso8859-15
japanese-kana	930	jisx0201.1976-0 + jisx0208.1983-0
japanese-latin	939	jisx0201.1976-0 + jisx0208.1983-0
norwegian	277	3270cg-1a 3270cg-1 iso8859-1
norwegian-euro	1142	3270cg-15a 3270cg-15 iso8859-15
russian	880	koi8-r
simplified-chinese	935	3270cg-1a iso8859-1 + gb2312.1980-0
slovenian	870	iso8859-2
spanish	284	3270cg-1a 3270cg-1 iso8859-1
spanish-euro	1145	3270cg-15a 3270cg-15 iso8859-15
thai	1160	iso8859-11 tis620.2529-0
traditional-chinese	937	3270cg-1a iso8859-1 + Big5-0
turkish	1026	iso8859-9
uk	285	3270cg-1a 3270cg-1 iso8859-1
uk-euro	1146	3270cg-15a 3270cg-15 iso8859-15
us-euro	1140	3270cg-15a 3270cg-15 iso8859-15
us-intl	037	3270cg-1a 3270cg-1 iso8859-1

The default character set is bracket, which is useful for common U.S. IBM hosts which use EBCDIC codes AD and BD for the `[' and `]' characters, respectively.

Note that any of the host code pages listed above can be specified by adding cp to the host code page, e.g., cp037 for host code page 037. Also note that the code pages available for a given version of x3270 are displayed by the -v command-line option.

Most 3270 fonts implement the 3270cg-1 display character set, which is a reordered version of the ISO 8859-1 character set. Some implement the 3270cg-1a display character set, which is a superset of 3270cg-1 that includes APL2 characters. 3270h and 3270gr implement special character sets for Hebrew and Greek, respectively.

You can also specify national-language translations for your keyboard; see KEYMAPS below.

Character Classes

33-127:48,161-255:48

See xterm(1) for further syntax details.

Keypad

left	in a separate window, to the left of the screen
right	in a separate window, to the right of the screen
bottom	in a separate window, below the screen
integral	in the same window as the screen, below it

The default is right.

If the "x3270.keypadOn" resource is set to true, the keypad will be displayed at startup.

Hosts Database

You may specify a different ibm_hosts database with the "x3270.hostsFile" resource.

Color Schemes

The color scheme may also be changed while x3270 is running with a selection from the Options menu.

NVT Mode

If the host later negotiates to stop functioning in 3270 mode, x3270 will return to NVT emulation.

In NVT mode, x3270 supports both character-at-a-time mode and line mode operation. You may select the mode with a menu option. When in line mode, the special characters and operational characteristics are defined by resources:

Mode/Character	Resource	Default
Translate CR to NL	x3270.icrnl	true
Translate NL to CR	x3270.inlcr	false
Erase previous character	x3270.erase	^?
Erase entire line	x3270.kill	^U
Erase previous word	x3270.werase	^W
Redisplay line	x3270.rprnt	^R
Ignore special meaning of next character	x3270.lnext	^V
Interrupt	x3270.intr	^C
Quit	x3270.quit	^\
End of file	x3270.eof	^D

Separate keymaps can be defined for use only when x3270 is in 3270 mode or NVT mode. See KEYMAPS for details.

Menus

The menu bar can be turned off by setting the "x3270.menuBar" resource to false.

Many sections of the File and Options menus are toggles, options that may be either on or off. The entries under the File menu are as follows:

File Transfer

Initiates transferring a file between the IBM host and the local workstation, using the IND$FILE protocol. A pop-up menu allows specifying the file names and other attributes of the transfer.
The IND$FILE program must be installed on the IBM host, and the 3270 cursor must be located in a field that will accept a TSO or VM/CMS command.

Printer Session

Starts or stops a printer session.

Trace Data and Events

If set, network traffic (both a hexadecimal representation and its interpretation) is logged to the file /tmp/x3trc.pid, and a window is popped up to monitor the data. The file name is confirmed with a pop-up; the default directory name for the trace file can be changed with the "x3270.traceDir" resource. Keyboard and mouse events are also traced. This is useful for creating and debugging custom keymaps, macros and scripts. For example, it will tell you precisely what action was taken in response to pressing a particular key. If the key is not mapped, it will tell you the keysym name and keycode so you can add it to a custom keymap.

Save Screen Contents

Allows the contents of the screen to be saved. A dialog allows selection between continuous saving (a new image added each time the screen changes) or just a snapshot. It also allows switching beteen saving to a file and writing directly to the printer. If the screens are saved to a file, the dialog allows a choice between text, HTML or RichText output. By default, the file name is /tmp/x3scr.pid.type in /tmp. The default directory name can be changed with the "x3270.traceDir" resource. The dialog also allows the default print command (lpr) to be changed.

Print Window Bitmap

Uses the xwd and xpr commands to print a copy of the graphical screen contents.

Save Changed Options in File

Saves into a file the values of all options that have been changed since x3270 was started. A pop-up allows the file name to be changed; the default file is .x3270pro in the user's home directory. If the file already exists, it is appended to. x3270 will read the contents of this file the next time it starts up. The options settings in the file override any resources defined with xrdb or in the user's .Xdefaults file; command-line switches override the file. A different options file can be specified by the X3270PRO environment variable. If the environment variable NOX3270PRO is set, no options file will be read.

Execute an Action

Allows an action name and parameters to be entered from the keyboard. This allows experimentation with actions without having to edit keymaps and repeatedly restart x3270.

Toggles

The toggles under the Options menu are as follows:

Monocase

If set, x3270 operates in uppercase-only mode.

Blinking Cursor

If set, the cursor blinks once per second.

Blank Fill

If set, x3270 behaves in some un-3270-like ways. First, when a character is typed into a field, all nulls in the field to the left of that character are changed to blanks. This eliminates a common 3270 data-entry surprise. Second, in insert mode, trailing blanks in a field are treated like nulls, eliminating the annoying `lock-up' that often occurs when inserting into an field with (apparent) space at the end.

Show Timing

If set, the time taken by the host to process an AID is displayed on the status line.

Track Cursor

If set, the cursor position is displayed on the status line.

Scrollbar

If set, the scrollbar appears.

Wraparound

If set, the NVT terminal emulator automatically assumes a NEWLINE character when it reaches the end of a line.

Paste with Left Margin

If set, puts restrictions on how pasted text is placed on the screen. The position of the cursor at the time the paste operation is begun is used as a left margin. No pasted text will fill any area of the screen to the left of that position. This option is useful for pasting into certain IBM editors that use the left side of the screen for control information.

Overlay Paste

If set, pasting over a protected field will simply increment the cursor position instead of locking the keyboard. This allows forms to be copied and pasted with the protected fields included. Setting this toggle also implicitly sets the Paste with Left Margin toggle.

Select by Rectangles

If set, x3270 will always select rectangular areas of the screen. Otherwise, x3270 selects by rectangles when in 3270 mode, but in NVT mode it selects continuous regions of the screen like xterm(1).

Crosshair Cursor

If set, x3270 will display a crosshair over the cursor: lines extending the full width and height of the screen, centered over the cursor position. This makes locating the cursor on the screen much easier.

Visible Control Chars

If set, x3270 will display control characters as special underscored symbols instead of blanks. Field attribute characters are displayed in underscored yellow. Other control characters are displayed according to their field colors and attributes.

Symbol	Meaning
Period	NUL (X'00')
<	SO (Start of DBCS subfield)
>	SI (End of DBCS subfield)
0-9 A-V	Field attribute

The mappings for field attribute characters are included in the x3270 Resource documentation for the visibleControl resource.

The names of the toggles for use with the -set and -clear options are as follows:

Menu Option	Name
Monocase	monoCase
Blinking Cursor	cursorBlink
Blank Fill	blankFill
Show Timing	showTiming
Track Cursor	cursorPos
Trace Data and Events	trace
Save Screen(s) in File	screenTrace
Scrollbar	scrollBar
Wraparound	lineWrap
Paste with Left Margin	marginedPaste
Select by Rectangles	rectangleSelect
Crosshair Cursor	crosshair
Visible Control Chars	visibleControl

In addition, the toggle altCursor can be used to select the cursor type. If set, an underline cursor will be used. If clear, the normal block cursor will be used. The toggle aidWait can also be used to change how actions that send an AID to the host behave: when clear, they no longer block until the host unlocks the keyboard.

These names also represent resources that can be set in your .Xdefaults or .x3270pro file. For example, if you always want to have the scrollbar off, you can add the following to your .Xdefaults or .x3270pro:

x3270.scrollBar: false

These names are also used as the first parameter to the Toggle action.

Status Line

comm status

The first symbol is always a 4. If x3270 is in TN3270E mode, the second symbol is a B; otherwise it is an A. If x3270 is disconnected, the third symbol is a question mark. Otherwise, if x3270 is in SSCP-LU mode, the third symbol is an S. Otherwise it is blank.

keyboard lock

If the keyboard is locked, an "X" symbol and a message field indicate the reason for the keyboard lock.

shift

Three characters indicate the keyboard modifier status. "M" indicates the Meta key, "A" the Alt key, and an up-arrow or "^" indicates the Shift key.

compose

The letter "C" indicates that a composite character is in progress. If another symbol follows the "C", it is the first character of the composite.

typeahead

The letter "T" indicates that one or more keystrokes are in the typeahead buffer.

temporary keymap

The letter "K" indicates that a temporary keymap is in effect.

reverse

The letter "R" indicates that the keyboard is in reverse field entry mode.

insert mode

A thick caret "^" or the letter "I" indicates that the keyboard is in insert mode.

printer session

The letter "P" indicates that a pr3287 session is active.

script

The letter "S" indicates that a script is active.

LU name

The LU name associated with the session, if there is one.

timing

A clock symbol and a time in seconds indicate the time it took to process the last AID or the time to connect to a host. This display is optional.

cursor position

The cursor row and column are optionally displayed, separated by a "/".

Icons

mwm

The size of the icon is limited by the "Mwm.iconImageMaximum" resource, which defaults to 50x50. The image will be clipped at the bottom and right. The icon cannot accept keyboard input.

olwm

The full screen image of all 3270 models can be displayed on the icon. However, the icon cannot be resized, so if the model is later changed with an x3270 menu option, the icon image will be corrupted. The icon cannot accept keyboard input.

twm and tvtwm

The full screen image of all 3270 models can be displayed on the icon, and the icon can be resized. The icon can accept keyboard input.

However, twm does not put labels on application-supplied icon windows. You can have x3270 add its own label to the icon by setting the "x3270.labelIcon" resource to true. The default font for icon labels is 8x13; you may change it with the "x3270.iconLabelFont" resource.

Keymaps

The type of keyboard may be specified with the -keymap switch or using either the KEYMAP or KEYBD environment variables. The types of supported keyboards include sun_k3, sun_k4, sun_k5, hp-k1, hp-pc and ncd.

The keymap may also be specified as a comma-separated list of names. Later definitions override earlier ones. This is used to specify both a primary keyboard type and a set of modifiers. The modifiers defined include:

ow

(OpenWindows) Swaps the middle and right mouse button definitions, so the middle button performs the "Extend" function and the right-hand button performs the "Paste" function. Also changes the cut and paste actions to use the OpenWindows CLIPBOARD.

apl

Allows entry of APL characters (see APL SUPPORT below).

finnish7

Replaces the bracket, brace and bar keys with common Finnish characters.

norwegian7

Replaces the bracket, brace and bar keys with common Norwegian characters.

A temporary keymap can also be specified while x3270 is running with the Keymap action. When the action Keymap(n) is executed, temporary keymap n is added to or deleted from the current keymap. Multiple temporary keymaps can be active simultaneously. The action Keymap(None) restores the original keymap. Note: When Keymap() is specified as part of a list of multiple actions in a keymap, it must be the last action in the list.

The temporary keymap hebrew is provided to allow entry of Hebrew characters.

The X Toolkit translation mechanism is used to provide keyboard emulation. It maps events into actions. The best documentation can be found with X toolkit documents, but the following should suffice for simple customization.

An Xt event consists of (at least) four fields. The first is called a modifier. It may be any combination of Meta, Shift and Ctrl. If it is prefaced by !, it means those modifiers only. The second field is the specific event, in x3270 usually just <Key>. The third field is the detail field, which gives the actual key. The name of the key may be determined using the xev program or with the "Trace X Events" menu option. The last field is the action, which is the internal emulator function. A complete list of actions may be found later in the manual.

There are three levels of translation tables in x3270. The first is a defined by the resource x3270.keymap.base. It defines alphabetic, numeric, function keys, and such basic functions as Enter and Delete. It allows a minimal useful functionality. It is generally compiled in x3270, but can be overridden.

The second level is a keyboard specific table, which is selected by the x3270.keymap resource, and defined by the x3270.keymap.name resource (where name is the value of the x3270.keymap resource). This keymap defines actions for such things as keypad keys, and keys unique to certain keyboards. Several predefined keymaps are included with x3270.

The third level is a user customizable table which may be used to augment or override key definitions. This keymap is defined by the x3270.keymap.name.user resource.

In addition, keymaps may be defined for use in 3270 mode or NVT mode only. These keymaps use the suffixes .3270 and .nvt in their names, respectively. If a keymap x3270.keymap.name.mode is defined, it will augment the keymap x3270.keymap.name when x3270 is in the given mode. If a keymap x3270.keymap.name.user.mode is defined, it will augment the keymap x3270.keymap.name.user when x3270 is in the given mode.

The default translation table x3270.keymap.base is:

<Key>Multi_key	Compose()
Shift<Key>Left	KybdSelect(Left,PRIMARY)
<Key>Left	Left()
Meta<Key>Right	NextWord()
Shift<Key>Right	KybdSelect(Right,PRIMARY)
<Key>Right	Right()
Shift<Key>Up	KybdSelect(Up,PRIMARY)
<Key>Up	Up()
Shift<Key>Down	KybdSelect(Down,PRIMARY)
<Key>Down	Down()
Ctrl<Btn1Down>	HandleMenu(quitMenu)
Ctrl<Btn2Down>	HandleMenu(optionsMenu)
Ctrl<Btn3Down>	HandleMenu(hostMenu)
Shift<Btn1Down>	MoveCursor()
<Btn1Down>	select-start()
<Btn1Motion>	select-extend()
<Btn2Down>	ignore()
<Btn2Motion>	ignore()
<Btn2Up>	insert-selection(PRIMARY)
<Btn3Down>	start-extend()
<Btn3Motion>	select-extend()
<BtnUp>	select-end(PRIMARY)
Meta<Key>F1	PF(13)
Shift<Key>F1	PF(13)
Meta<Key>F2	PF(14)
Shift<Key>F2	PF(14)
Meta<Key>F3	PF(15)
Shift<Key>F3	PF(15)
Meta<Key>F4	PF(16)
Shift<Key>F4	PF(16)
Meta<Key>F5	PF(17)
Shift<Key>F5	PF(17)
Meta<Key>F6	PF(18)
Shift<Key>F6	PF(18)
Meta<Key>F7	PF(19)
Shift<Key>F7	PF(19)
Meta<Key>F8	PF(20)
Shift<Key>F8	PF(20)
Meta<Key>F9	PF(21)
Shift<Key>F9	PF(21)
Meta<Key>F10	PF(22)
Shift<Key>F10	PF(22)
Meta<Key>F11	PF(23)
Shift<Key>F11	PF(23)
Meta<Key>F12	PF(24)
Shift<Key>F12	PF(24)
<Key>F1	PF(1)
<Key>F2	PF(2)
<Key>F3	PF(3)
<Key>F4	PF(4)
<Key>F5	PF(5)
<Key>F6	PF(6)
<Key>F7	PF(7)
<Key>F8	PF(8)
<Key>F9	PF(9)
<Key>F10	PF(10)
<Key>F11	PF(11)
<Key>F12	PF(12)
Alt<Key>q	Quit()
<Key>Prior	Scroll(Backward)
<Key>Next	Scroll(Forward)
:<Key>	Default()

The default 3270-mode table x3270.keymap.base.3270 adds the following definitions:

Shift<Key>Return	Newline()
<Key>Return	Enter()
<Key>Linefeed	Newline()
Shift<Key>Tab	BackTab()
<Key>Tab	Tab()
<Key>Home	Home()
Meta<Key>Left	PreviousWord()
Meta<Key>Right	NextWord()
<Key>Insert	Insert()
<Key>Delete	Delete()
<Key>BackSpace	BackSpace()
Ctrl Shift<Btn1Down>	MouseSelect()
Shift<Btn1Down>	MoveCursor()
Meta<Key>1	PA(1)
Meta<Key>2	PA(2)
Meta<Key>3	PA(3)
Ctrl<Key>a	SelectAll(PRIMARY)
Meta<Key>a	Attn()
Meta<Key>b	PrintWindow()
Ctrl<Key>c	set-select(CLIPBOARD)
Meta<Key>c	Clear()
Meta<Key>d	Delete()
Meta<Key>e	EraseEOF()
Meta<Key>f	Flip()
Meta<Key>h	Home()
Meta<Key>i	Insert()
Meta<Key>l	Redraw()
Meta<Key>p	PrintText()
Meta<Key>r	Reset()
Meta<Key>u	Unselect()
Ctrl<Key>u	DeleteField()
Ctrl<Key>v	insert-selection(CLIPBOARD)
Meta<Key>v	ToggleReverse()
Ctrl<Key>w	DeleteWord()
Ctrl<Key>x	Cut(CLIPBOARD)

Meta is the diamond shaped key on a sun_k4, "Alt" on an NCD, "Extend Char" on an HP. The following xmodmap command must be used on the NCD to allow use the the "Alt" key:

xmodmap -e "keysym Alt_L = Meta_L"

The left mouse button may be used to make a selection. Clicking once unselects the current selection. Clicking twice selects the word under the mouse cursor. Clicking three times selects the line under the mouse cursor. Clicking and dragging selects a rectangular area of the display.

The middle mouse button may be used to paste a selection.

The right mouse button may also be used for selections, selecting the rectangular area between the current position and where the left button was last pressed.

On color X displays, the "x3270.selectBackground" resource is used to distinguish the selected text from the rest of the screen. On monochrome X displays, selected text is in reverse video. (It can be distinguished from a block cursor because the block cursor covers slightly less than an entire character position on the screen.)

The left mouse button, when pressed with the "Shift" key held down, moves the 3270 cursor to the where the mouse cursor is pointing.

This is the complete list of keymap-callable actions. Other actions are defined for use by scripts and are documented in x3270-script(1); still others are defined for internal use by x3270 and are not documented here. Note that when an action with no parameters is used in a keymap, the parentheses and empty argument list are still required. )

Actions marked with an asterisk (*) may block, sending data to the host and possibly waiting for a response.

*Attn	attention key
AltCursor	switch between block and underscore cursor
BackSpace	move cursor left (or send ASCII BS)
BackTab	tab to start of previous input field
CircumNot	input "^" in NVT mode, or "¬" in 3270 mode
*Clear	clear screen
Compose	next two keys form a special symbol
*Connect(host)	connect to host
*CursorSelect	Cursor Select AID
Cut	copy highlighted area to clipboard and erase
Default	enter key literally
Delete	delete character under cursor (or send ASCII DEL)
DeleteField	delete the entire field
DeleteWord	delete the current or previous word
*Disconnect	disconnect from host
Down	move cursor down
Dup	duplicate field
*Enter	Enter AID (or send ASCII CR)
Erase	erase previous character (or send ASCII BS)
EraseEOF	erase to end of current field
EraseInput	erase all input fields
Execute(cmd)	execute a command in a shell
FieldEnd	move cursor to end of field
FieldMark	mark field
HandleMenu(name)	pop up a menu
HexString(hex_digits)	insert control-character string
Home	move cursor to first input field
Insert	set insert mode
*Interrupt	send TELNET IP to host
Key(keysym)	insert key keysym
Key(0xxx)	insert key with character code xx
Keymap(keymap)	toggle alternate keymap (or remove with None)
KybdSelect(direction [,atom...])	Extend selection by one row or column
Left	move cursor left
Left2	move cursor left 2 positions
*Macro(macro)	run a macro
MonoCase	toggle uppercase-only mode
MoveCursor	move cursor to mouse position
MoveCursor(row, col)	move cursor to (row,col)
*MoveCursorSelect	move cursor to mouse position, light pen selection
Newline	move cursor to first field on next line (or send ASCII LF)
NextWord	move cursor to next word
*PA(n)	Program Attention AID (n from 1 to 3)
*PF(n)	Program Function AID (n from 1 to 24)
PreviousWord	move cursor to previous word
Printer(Start[,lu]|Stop)	start or stop printer session
PrintText(command)	print screen text on printer
PrintWindow(command)	print screen image (bitmap) on printer
Quit	exit x3270
*Reconnect	reconnect to previous host
Redraw	redraw window
Reset	reset locked keyboard
Right	move cursor right
Right2	move cursor right 2 positions
*Script(command[,arg...])	run a script
Scroll(Forward|Backward)	scroll screen
SelectAll(atom)	select entire screen
SetFont(font)	change emulator font
*String(string)	insert string (simple macro facility)
*SysReq	System Request AID
Tab	move cursor to next input field
Toggle(option[,set|clear])	toggle an option
ToggleInsert	toggle insert mode
ToggleReverse	toggle reverse-input mode
*Transfer(option=value...')	file transfer
Unselect	release selection
Up	move cursor up
(the following are similar to xterm)
ignore	do nothing
insert-selection([atom[,atom...]])	paste selection
move-select	a combination of MoveCursor and select-start
select-end(atom[,atom...]])	complete selection and assign to atom(s)
select-extend	move the end of a selection
select-start	mark the beginning of a selection
set-select(atom[,atom...]])	assign existing selection to atom(s)
start-extend	begin marking the end of a selection

Note that certain parameters to x3270 actions (such as the names of files and keymaps) are subject to substitutions:

The character ~ at the beginning of a string is replaced with the user's home directory. A ~ character followed by a username is replaced with that user's home directory.

Environment variables are substituted using the Unix shell convention of $name or ${name}.

Two special pseudo-environment variables are supported. ${TIMESTAMP} is replaced with a microsecond-resolution timestamp; ${UNIQUE} is replaced with a string guaranteed to make a unique filename (the process ID optionally followed by a dash and a string of digits). ${UNIQUE} is used to form trace file names.

The PrintText Action

Multiple arguments can include keywords to control the output of PrintText:

file filename

Save the output in a file.

html

Save the output as HTML. This option implies file.

rtf

Save the output as RichText. This option implies file. The font defaults to Courier New and the point size defaults to 8. These can be overridden by the printTextFont and printTextSize resources, respectively.

string

Return the output as a string. This can only be used from scripts.

modi

Render modified fields in italics.

caption text

Add the specified text as a caption above the output. Within text, the special sequence %T% will be replaced with a timestamp.

secure

Disables the pop-up dialog.

command command

Directs the output to a command. This allows one or more of the other keywords to be specified, while still sending the output to the printer.

Macros and Scripts

The String Action

The simplest method for macros is provided via the String action. The arguments to String are one or more double-quoted strings which are inserted directly as if typed. The C backslash conventions are honored as follows. (Entries marked * mean that after sending the AID code to the host, x3270 will wait for the host to unlock the keyboard before further processing the string.)

\b	Left
\exxxx	EBCDIC character in hex
\f	Clear*
\n	Enter*
\pan	PA(n)*
\pfnn	PF(nn)*
\r	Newline
\t	Tab
\T	BackTab
\uxxxx	Unicode character in hex
\xxxxx	Unicode character in hex

Note that the numeric values for the \e, \u and \x sequences can be abbreviated to 2 digits. Note also that EBCDIC codes greater than 255 and some Unicode character codes represent DBCS characters, which will work only if x3270 is built with DBCS support and the host allows DBCS input in the current field.

An example keymap entry would be:

Meta<Key>p: String("probs clearrdr\n")

Note: The strings are in ASCII and converted to EBCDIC, so beware of inserting control codes. Also, a backslash before a p may need to be doubled so it will not be removed when a resource file is read.

There is also an alternate form of the String action, HexString, which is used to enter non-printing data. The argument to HexString is a string of hexadecimal digits, two per character. A leading 0x or 0X is optional. In 3270 mode, the hexadecimal data represent EBCDIC characters, which are entered into the current field. In NVT mode, the hexadecimal data represent ASCII characters, which are sent directly to the host.

The Script Action

This action causes x3270 to start a child process which can execute x3270 actions. Standard input and output from the child process are piped back to x3270. The Script action is fully documented in x3270-script(1).

The macros Resource

An alternate method of defining macros is the "x3270.macros" resource. This resource is similar to a keymap, but instead of defining keyboard mappings, it associates a list of X actions with a name. These names are displayed on a Macros menu that appears when x3270 is connected to a host. Selecting one of the names on the menu executes the X actions associated with it. Typically the actions are String calls, but any action may be specified. Here is a sample macros resource definition, which would result in a four-entry Macros menu:

x3270.macros: \
log off: String("logout\n")\n\
vtam: String("dial vtam\n")\n\
pa1: PA(1)\n\
alt printer: PrintText("lpr -Plw2")

You can also define a different set of macros for each host. If there is a resource named `x3270.macros.somehost', it defines the macros menu for when x3270 is connected to somehost.

The -script Option

This facility allows x3270 to operate under the complete control of a script. x3270 accepts actions from standard input, and prints results on standard output. The -script option is fully documented in x3270-script(1).

Composite Characters

The mappings between these pairs of ordinary keys and the symbols they represent is controlled by the "x3270.composeMap" resource; it gives the name of the map to use. The maps themselves are named "x3270.composeMap.name". The default is "latin1", which gives mappings for most of the symbols in the ISO 8859-1 Latin-1 character set that are not in the 7-bit ASCII character set.

Note: The default keymap defines the "Multi_key" keysym as the "Compose" key. If your keyboard lacks such a key, you may set up your own "Compose" key with a keymap that maps some other keysym onto the Compose action.

APL Support

APL characters are supported only in the special 3270 font.

Keyboard entry of APL characters is supported through the apl keymap modifier. This modifier defines the "Alt" key as an APL shift key, with a typical APL keyboard layout, e.g., "Alt" pressed with the A key results in the APL "alpha" symbol. Overstruck characters such as "quad-quote" are not defined as single keystrokes; instead they are entered as composites (see COMPOSITE CHARACTERS above). A special composite map, apl, is provided for this purpose.

Note: Some keyboards do not define the "Alt" key as a modifier, so keymaps that use the "Alt" key will not function. On a Sun for example, this can be remedied with the command:

xmodmap -e "add mod2 = Alt_L"

For convenience, an -apl option is defined, which is an abbreviation for the following resource definitions:

x3270.keymap: your_keymap_name,apl
x3270.charset: apl
x3270.composeMap: apl

There are a number of APL characters that are similar in appearance to non-APL characters. In particular, the APL "stile", "slope," "tilde" and "quotedot" characters are similar to the EBCDIC "bar", "backslash," "tilde" and "exclaim" characters. The APL characters are entered with the "Alt" key, and have slightly different appearances.

The complete list of special APL keysyms is as follows. Entries marked with an asterisk (*) represent simple aliases for standard EBCDIC characters. Entries marked with an (S) represent Sharp APL charatcers.

APL Symbol	Hex	x3270 apl_ Keysym	x3270 Key	x3270 Composed Keys
A underbar	41	Aunderbar	Alt-A	A + underbar
alpha	B0	alpha	Alt-a
B underbar	42	Bunderbar	Alt-B	B + underbar
bar	60*	bar	-
brace left	C0	braceleft	Alt-{
brace right	D0	braceright	Alt-}
C underbar	43	Cunderbar	Alt-C	C + underbar
circle	9D	circle	Alt-o
circle bar	ED	circlebar		circle + bar
circle slope	CF	circleslope		circle + slope
circle star	FD	circlestar		circle + star
circle stile	CD	circlestile		circle + stile
colon	7A*	colon	:
comma	6B*	comma	,
comma bar (S)	E5	commabar		comma + bar
D underbar	44	Dunderbar	Alt-D	D + underbar
del	BA	del	Alt-g
del stile	DC	delstile		del + stile
del tilde	FB	deltilde		del + tilde
delta	BB	delta	Alt-h
delta stile	DD	deltastile		delta + stile
delta underbar	FC	deltaunderbar		delta + underbar
diamond	70	diamond		up caret + down caret
dieresis	72	dieresis	Alt-1
dieresis circle (S)	E5	dieresiscircle		dieresis + circle
dieresis dot	EC	dieresisdot		dieresis + dot
dieresis jot (S)	E4	dieresisjot		dieresis + jot
divide	B8	divide	Alt-+
dot	4B*	dot	.
down arrow	8B	downarrow	Alt-u
down caret	78	downcaret	Alt-9
down caret tilde	CB	downcarettilde		down caret + tilde
down shoe	AB	downshoe	Alt-v
down stile	8E	downstile	Alt-d
down tack	AC	downtack	Alt-b
down tack jot	FE	downtackjot		down tack + jot
down tack up tack	DA	downtackuptack		down tack + up tack
E underbar	45	Eunderbar	Alt-E	E + underbar
epsilon	B1	epsilon	Alt-e
epsilon underbar	75	epsilonunderbar		epsilon + underbar
equal	7E*	equal	"="
equal underbar	E1	equalunderbar		equal + underbar
euro (S)	E7	euro		C + =
F underbar	46	Funderbar	Alt-F	F + underbar
G underbar	47	Gunderbar	Alt-G	G + underbar
greater	6E*	greater	>
H underbar	48	Hunderbar	Alt-H	H + underbar
I underbar	49	Iunderbar	Alt-I	I + underbar
iota	B2	iota	Alt-i
iota underbar	74	iotaunderbar		iota + underbar
J underbar	51	Junderbar	Alt-J	J + underbar
jot	AF	jot	alt-j
K underbar	52	Kunderbar	Alt-K	K + underbar
L underbar	53	Lunderbar	Alt-L	L + underbar
left arrow	9F	leftarrow	Alt-[
left bracket	AD	leftbracket	[
left paren	4D*	leftparen	(
left shoe	9B	leftshoe	Alt-z
less	4C*	less	<
M underbar	54	Munderbar	Alt-M	M + underbar
N underbar	55	Nunderbar	Alt-N	N + underbar
not equal	BE	notequal	Alt-8	equal + slash
not greater	8C	notgreater	Alt-4	less + equal
not less	AE	notless	Alt-6	greater + equal
O underbar	56	Ounderbar	Alt-O	O + underbar
omega	B4	omega	Alt-w
overbar	A0	overbar	Alt-2
P underbar	57	Punderbar	Alt-P	P + underbar
plus	4E*	plus	+
Q underbar	58	Qunderbar	Alt-Q	Q + underbar
quad	90	quad	Alt-l
quad divide	EE	quaddivide		quad + divide
quad jot	73	quadjot		quad + jot
quad quote	DE	quadquote		quad + quote
quad slope	CE	quadslope		quad + slope
query	6F*	query	?
quote	7D*	quote	'
quote dot	DB	quotedot		quote + dot
R underbar	59	Runderbar	Alt-R	R + underbar
rho	B3	rho	Alt-r
right arrow	8F	rightarrow	Alt-]
right bracket	BD	rightbracket	]
right paren	5D*	rightparen	)
right shoe	9A	rightshoe	Alt-x
S underbar	62	Sunderbar	Alt-S	S + underbar
semicolon	5E*	semicolon	;
slash	61*	slash	/
slash bar	EA	slashbar		slash + bar
slope	B7	slope	Alt-\
slope bar	EB	slopebar		slope + bar
squad	CC	squad		quad + quad
star	5C*	star	*
stile	BF	stile	Alt-|
T underbar	63	Tunderbar	Alt-T	T + underbar
tilde	80	tilde	Alt-~
times	B6	times	Alt-=
U underbar	64	Uunderbar	Alt-U	U + underbar
underbar	6D*	underbar	"_"
up arrow	8A	uparrow	Alt-y
up caret	71	upcaret	Alt-0
up caret tilde	CA	upcarettilde		up caret + tilde
up shoe	AA	upshoe	Alt-c
up shoe jot	DF	upshoejot		up shoe + jot
up stile	8D	upstile	Alt-s
up tack	BC	uptack	Alt-n
up tack jot	EF	uptackjot		up tack + jot
V underbar	65	Vunderbar	Alt-V	V + underbar
W underbar	66	Wunderbar	Alt-W	W + underbar
X underbar	67	Xunderbar	Alt-X	X + underbar
Y underbar	68	Yunderbar	Alt-Y	Y + underbar
Z underbar	69	Zunderbar	Alt-Z	Z + underbar

XIM Support

The input method is selected by the XMODIFIERS environment variable or the -im command-line option.

The preedit type is specified by the -pt command-line option, with a default of OverTheSpot+1.

Screen Printing

The PrintText action (usually assigned to the key <Meta>p) sends the current screen image to the printer as ASCII characters. The default command used to print the data is controlled by the "x3270.printTextCommand" resource; the default is lpr. You may also use a keymap definition to pass a print command the PrintText action itself. The command receives the screen text as its standard input. For example, the following keymap will save the screen text in a file:

Meta<Key>f: PrintText("cat >screen.image")

Note: HardPrint is an alias for PrintText.

The PrintWindow action (usually assigned to the key <Meta>b) sends the current screen image to the printer as a bitmap. The default command used to print the data is controlled by the "x3270.printWindowCommand" resource; the default is

xwd -id %d | xpr | lpr.

You may also use a keymap definition to pass a print command to the PrintWindow action itself. If the command contains the text "%d", the window ID of x3270 will be substituted before it is run. For example, the following keymap will pop up a duplicate of the current screen image:

Meta<Key>g: PrintWindow("xwd -id %d | xwud &")

If the command for PrintWindow or PrintText begins with an "@" character, the initial pop-up menu to confirm the print command is not displayed and the command cannot be edited.

Bugs

Passthru

Proxy

type:host[:port]

The special types socks4a and socks5d can also be used to force the proxy server to do the hostname resolution for the SOCKS protocol.

Files

Environment Variables

See Also

Copyrights

Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:

*

Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.

*

Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.

*

Neither the names of Paul Mattes, Don Russell, Dick Altenbern, Jeff Sparkes, GTRC nor the names of their contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software without specific prior written permission.

THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY PAUL MATTES, DON RUSSELL, DICK ALTENBERN, JEFF SPARKES AND GTRC "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL PAUL MATTES, DON RUSSELL, DICK ALTENBERN, JEFF SPARKES OR GTRC BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.

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